characteristics of spear grass

P. purpureum is an aggressive grass that grows rapidly, colonizing new areas and forming dense thickets. Spear grass. rooting plant that requires high fertility like spear grass (Imperata cylindrica) can be an indicator of such soil conditions. Weeds can survive adverse weather condition. Ecological characteristics of some common weeds of Ibadan (south-west Nigeria). Evaluation of tropical grasses in increasing shade under coconut canopies. Utilization is by most grazers. As they mature, both flowers and foliage turn to a beautiful buff color . Spear grass has been introduced into many parts of the world as a forage grass. The presence of spear grass positively correlates with soil K concentration and suggests a greater potential for local potato production (Tenywa et al., 2014). They are economically the most important of all flowering plants because of their nutritious . Biennial grass seed will begin to germinate the first year and produce foliage. Tallgrass prairies are an extremely complicated web of life. It does not thrive on acid soils or those low in phosphate. Secret. They are multicellular eukaryotes. Characteristically, they contain a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane known as the cell wall. Although the shoot biomass was mid range, the root biomass of the grass was outstanding (7.4 g/pot) in comparison with other grasses (3.7-5.3 g/pot). Rumen characteristics relating to rate of fluid outflow from the rumen were also determined. While there are many quality characteristics that influence the intake of a grass by livestock, the most useful are digestibility and crude protein; hence, where available, these figures are provided for individual species. "Dispersal" means to spread or scatter. Experiments were conducted in vitro and in vivo to determine the effects of sulphur (S) supplementation of a good quality fescue hay containing 0.27% total S and a tropical star grass hay containing 0.20% total S. Addition of S was on an isosulphurous basis of either sodium sulphate or D,L-methionine.Cellulose digestion in vitro was improved (P < 0.001) by the addition of 1% urea. In this present study, the effect of spear grass (Imperata Cylindrical) fibre on the cure characteristics and mechanical properties of natural rubber vulcanizate are examined. It has a broad morphological and agronomic variability, ranging in height from 0.5 to 3.5 m, with stems of 5 mm to 10 mm diameter. Propagation of Turfgrass . The walls and ground floor are cemented with anthill soils and cow dung. Smith MA; Whiteman PC, 1983. Imperata cylindrica (commonly known as cogongrass / k oʊ ˈ ɡ oʊ n / or kunai grass / ˈ k uː n aɪ /) is a species of perennial rhizomatous grass native to tropical and subtropical Asia, Micronesia, Melanesia, Australia, Africa, and southern Europe.It has also been introduced to Latin America, the Caribbean, and the southeastern United States.It is a highly flammable fire-adapted species . Any material used for herbicidal control of any plant may vary in efficacy. Family: Poaceae Habit: a tall (2-5 ft.) perennial grass. Spear Grass is a perennial and quite a fast-growing grass. Hence, it is sometimes called speargrass. Several of the ways that turf is propagated are by seeding, sodding, hydromultching, sprigging, plugging, and stolonizing. Somarriba E, 1988. One of the ten worst weeds in the world, Imperata cylindrica (Cogon Grass) is a fast-growing rhizomatous perennial grass that spreads invasively in warm winter areas. Spear Grass is a perennial and quite a fast-growing grass. Spear grass is a serious weed problem, especially for farmers. Species Characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Materials The natural rubber crumbs conforming to Nigerian Standard Rubber (NSR) grade 10 was obtained from It competes for water and nutrients, spreads and persists through the production of seeds and rhizomes . grass, any of many low, green, nonwoody plants belonging to the grass family (Poaceae), the sedge family (Cyperaceae), and the rush family (Juncaceae). The seed will germinate, foliage will grow, seed will be set and ultimately spread before the plant dies to the ground. Spear grass The herbage production of spear grass ecotype Lexton was in the middle of all grass lines and was highest when plants were cut to 2 cm above ground based on leaf stage. The performance of livestock grazing grasses is directly related to the quantity and quality of grass on offer. Grass seed produces either annual, biennial or perennial grasses. Cogon Grass is a serious weed not only in crops but also in natural areas, causing serious economic and environmental damage. However, a few could not provide the disadvantages of having spear grass on a pasture. Manyong, F. Ekeleme International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria Received 31 March 2000; accepted 3 April 2000 Abstract Speargrass is a dominant . The basic idea is as follows. An annual grass will complete its entire life cycle in one year. This is the most abundant native, cool-season grass in Texas. Post Emergence: 2,4-D, Bentazon, Chlorsulfuron, Clopyralid, Dicamba, Mecoprop-p, Triclopyr. It retards growth of other plants, spreading aggressively by means of seeds and underground rhizomes. Hairy Arm Grass. Secret. Feddes Repertorium, 101(11-12):603-609. Foliage height of mature plants is mostly between 3 and 5 feet (0.9-1.5 m),; the inflorescence, a 6- to 18-inch-long (15-46 cm) open panicle, often extends to a height of 5 to 7 feet (1.5-2.1 m) [76,77].Switchgrass has both sodand bunch-forming ecotypes. Browse pictures and read growth / cultivation information about Austrostipa Species, Spear-Grass (Austrostipa rudis) supplied by member gardeners in the PlantFiles database at Dave's Garden. Awn and seed grade into each other. The light brown seed has a single, twisted awn that is 2 1/2 to 4 inches long with a barb at the base. In late spring after the seeds have fallen, the white glumes resemble oats. Feddes Repertorium, 101(11-12):603-609. Experimental Agric., 19(2):153-161. Sincerity. Member benefits; Member list Onokpise and S.K. Weeds produce large number of seeds. grass, any of many low, green, nonwoody plants belonging to the grass family (Poaceae), the sedge family (Cyperaceae), and the rush family (Juncaceae). Sincerity. Abstract. The spear grass filled PP/EPDM composites with the 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 weight percentage (wt%) were prepared and tested with the MAPP and without MAPP as compatibilizer. The Spear grasses grow in association with dry . It inhabits sandy or rocky woodlands in Connecticut, Massachusetts and Rhode Island. The beak is used as a chisel and crowbar, prying back the bark of a tree to find insects. HOME. Herbicidal Control Options. English: assegai fix, assegai grass, bellary grass, black spear grass, bunch spear grass, common spear grass, kusal grass, piercing grass, spear grass, spider's arrows, stick grass, tangle grass . Inflorescence a single green raceme (often hairy) with long, brown, velvety, intertwined awns. There are many species, each of which has different characteristics, but all are well known as having a high tolerance to drought, poor soils and high temperature. ABSTRACT This work is aimed at comparing the ignition time and water boiling test of coal briquette blends with pennisetum purpurem (elephant grass) and imperata cylindrica (spear grass). Panicum maximum. Queensland Blue Grass. Gluing the cement stone heads to wooden handles and spears to shafts and tips. After flowering, the sharp-pointed seeds and tangled awns penetrate the woolly coats of sheep, reducing the value of wool. In this post you will learn the botanical names of weeds, which also include their scientific names.general characteristics of weeds weeds are defined as an unwanted plant or crop growing in a place where it is not needed and Because of the ability weed to grow fast, weeds can suppress growth of crops on the farm thereby reducing their . It's also dangerous to dogs, since it can work its way through the dog's fur into the skin, causing an abscess. . Guinea grass is a large tufted, fast-growing perennial grass. Its stems are geniculated at the base, erect at their upper levels, often branched, particularly at flowering (Cook et al., 2005).The leaves are green or bluish green, usually glabrous or with few long hairs at the base. The length of the tongue varies in length, some being three times longer than their beaks. Manyong, F. Ekeleme International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria Received 31 March 2000; accepted 3 April 2000 Abstract Speargrass is a dominant . • Native spear grass pictured below lacking a corona The details of the floret are easy to see in this magnified floret. There are many grasslike members of other flowering plant families, but only the approximately 10,000 species in the family Poaceae are true grasses. This resin melts when wanned, but sets hard when cold. Although there is always a place for humble public prayer, we also need to have personal time alone with our heavenly Father. Seed dispersal. Bambo. By Matt Pap There are many different ways that turfgrass can be propagated. In addition, the presence of Chromolaena odorata suggests that the soil possesses good hydrological properties, which is a necessity . Experimental Agric., 19(2):153-161. There are different types of grasses in Australia, some of which include but are not limited to the following: Barbed Wire Grass. Sharma BM, 1990. Growth is strongly influenced by soil characteristics, rainfall and management. Grown for its early blooming feathery flowers, Stipa calamagrostis is a lovely and graceful free-flowering ornamental grass. weeds and their botanical names known as scientific name. GENERAL BOTANICAL CHARACTERISTICS : Switchgrass is a native, erect, coarse, warm-season perennial grass. It grows from 0.6-3 m tall. These observations on the characteristics of cogon grass rhizomes, with the description of the apex of the bract covering the rhizome, help support understand the common name of spear grass that is used in Nigeria and help provide insight into the aggressive nature of this plant species. Somarriba E, 1988. Some mentioned that spear grass was used as mulch. Experiments were conducted in vitro and in vivo to determine the effects of sulphur (S) supplementation of a good quality fescue hay containing 0.27% total S and a tropical star grass hay containing 0.20% total S. Addition of S was on an isosulphurous basis of either sodium sulphate or D,L-methionine.Cellulose digestion in vitro was improved (P < 0.001) by the addition of 1% urea. Inflorescence a single green raceme (often hairy) with long, brown, velvety, intertwined awns. Smith MA; Whiteman PC, 1983. Spear Soldiers in A Link Between Worlds are strongly based on their A Link to the Past incarnation. It grows to a height of 50 to 150 cm, is tufted and highly variable. While there are many quality characteristics that influence the intake of a grass by livestock, the most useful are digestibility and crude protein; hence, where available, these figures are provided for individual species. Beside this, why was the book Leaves of Grass Banned? The tensile properties were tested by using an Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Rumen characteristics relating to rate of fluid outflow from the rumen were also determined. Agronomic characteristics of key weed grass species: local weed grasses as appropriate eg annual couch-grass, crested dogstail, soft brome, yorkshire fog, rough stalked meadow grass, smooth stalked meadow grass 2 Understand the factors to consider when establishing and maintaining grass News/Articles; Glossary; Advertisements; STORE; Membership. The other 20% of the primary vegetation is composed of over 300 species of forbs or flowers. intake. The presence of MAPP enhanced 15% of the water absorption at maximum SGF loading. It follows that it is an evolutionary advantage to get their seeds away from the parent plant. Like other enemy Soldiers, the Spear Soldiers were originally Paintings that were painted by and brought to life by Yuga.Three varieties of Spear Soldiers appear in A Link Between Worlds.The basic type is a green Soldier that charges after Link with their trident. Coming before a holy God should fill us with humility rather than a self-focused desire to be perceived favorably by others. The chaffed hays were Spear grass (Heteropogon contortus) (6.2 g N/kg organic matter (OM)), Pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens) (7.9 g N/kg OM), and Pangola grass (12.0 g N/kg OM). Utilization is by most grazers. The compatibilising effect of epoxidised natural rubber (ENR 50) LDPE and spear grass was mixed by using twin screw extruder with various spear grass contents. In 1882, Oliver Stevens, the district attorney of Boston, banned the 1881 edition—an edition that Whitman constructed to resemble a bible—because the sexually charged poems violated "the Public Statutes . The Spear grasses grow in association with dry . The prairie also has over 100 species of lichens, liverworts, numerous woody trees and shrubs along protected areas like . The chaffed hays were Spear grass (Heteropogon contortus) (6.2 g N/kg organic matter (OM)), Pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens) (7.9 g N/kg OM), and Pangola grass (12.0 g N/kg OM). Utilization is by most grazers. Imperata cylindrica. Common Wheat Grass. The developing seeds are eaten by native finches and sparrows. These responses were associated with an increase in rumen bacterial, protozoal and ARF populations measured by conventional counting methods. Guinea grass. Request PDF | Characteristics of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica) dominated fields in West Africa: Crops, soil properties, farmer perceptions and management strategies | Speargrass is a dominant . Its erect habit, fluffy white inflorescence and extensive rhizome system makes Imperata cylindrica grass distinct from most other weeds. ex Roem.& Schult.) Although there is always a place for humble public prayer, we also need to have personal time alone with our heavenly Father. Rough Spear grass (Austrostipa scabra) are found in all states of Australia, but predominantly in the southern half of the continent. An annual grass will complete its entire life cycle in one year. Annual meadow-grass is an annual or short-term perennial grass found on arable land, grassland, trackways and in gardens. A spikelet at the base of the stem is self-fertilizing. The woodpecker's beak and tongue work hand in hand in its search for food. 4 g kg −1 DM) tropical spear grass diet supplemented with S resulted in an increase in feed intake and digestibility (Morrison et al. The earliest firm records of grass pollen are from the Paleocene of South America and Africa, between 60 and 55 million years ago (Jacobs et al., 1999). Please note: one or more of these active ingredients may exist in combination-type brand name products. Evaluation of tropical grasses in increasing shade under coconut canopies. 2. Spear grass (Imperatacylindrica) is a rhizomatous, Availability of cheap energy (affordable and unfailing perennial grass weed and quite a fast-growing grass which is energy supply) and its efficient utilization is essential, if not widely distributed throughout the humid, sub-humid tropics the most critical factor in developmental activities . Grass seed produces either annual, biennial or perennial grasses. Biennial grass seed will begin to germinate the first year and produce foliage. Crop Protection 19 (2000) 481}487 Characteristics of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica) dominated "elds in West Africa: crops, soil properties, farmer perceptions and management strategies D. Chikoye*, V.M. Sheep preferentially graze on the more nutritious Kangaroo Grass Themeda triandra, leaving the tougher Spear-grasses to grow and dominate the vegetation.Mowing nature reserves, road and railside reserves can cause the same effect. Characteristics of grassy-rhizome weeds, spear grass, bermuda grass and wild sorghum and their control in orchards and vineyards, by herbicides Casoron-G and Gallant super Kangaroo Grass. Crop Protection 19 (2000) 481}487 Characteristics of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica) dominated "elds in West Africa: crops, soil properties, farmer perceptions and management strategies D. Chikoye*, V.M. Weeds can spread by sexual and vegetative methods. More info: Spear Grass (Sarga intrans), is important for Aboriginal people as the stems provide a large proportion of the annual fuel load of dry grass that is burnt early in the dry season.Burning grass is an essential element of land management for traditional custodians and is likened to 'cleaning up' or providing medicine or fertiliser for country after the heavy rains. Cogon grass (<i>Imperata cylindrical</i>) is one of the most aggressive grasses world wide and spreads by an extensive rhizome system. Utilization is by most grazers. Sharma BM, 1990. Deciduous, with an open growth habit, it exhibits arching, blue-green thread-like leaves topped in summer with a haze of silvery white flower plumes, that sway gracefully in the slightest breeze. Leaves: bright yellowy-green, leaf blades have a midvein which is clearly offset to one side, and serrated (toothed) edges Rhizome: hard, scaly, and cream-colored with sharply pointed tips Seeds: fuzzy, white, and plume-like Distribution in Florida: reported from all 67 counties This date is after the major . It is a pioneer species in disturbed habitats and is common throughout the UK. There are two main types: a tall/medium tussock type, taller than 1.5 m at flowering, and a short tussock type ( Cook et al., 2005 ). quality spear grass have increased feed intake to above maintenance requirements (Siebert and Kennedy 1972).Results with supplements are generally inconsistent. Ecological characteristics of some common weeds of Ibadan (south-west Nigeria). Black Spear Grass. The leaves are about 2 cm wide near the base of the plant and narrow to a sharp point at the top; the margins are finely toothed and are embedded with sharp silica crystals. By J.J. Muchovej, O.U. Reported annual dry matter yields range from about 0.5 to 8.7 t . Question 3 (a) Identify each of specimens E and F. They are economically the most important of all flowering plants because of their nutritious . P. purpureum is a robust perennial grass widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It had a number of uses including; Forming glue by mixing it with charcoal, beeswax or fine sand and dust. Seed dispersal is the way seeds get away from the parent plant to a new place. Certain characteristics which are permanent and remain unaltered by circumstances. compounds. More N was excreted in faeces than ingested in feed, the Adeoye and Agboola maintained that for sustainable cassava (or any other crop) production, the presence of spear grass on the field to be cultivated is a good indication of a soil with good fertility conditions. Menu. Cotton Panic Grass. The spear grass content on the tensile properties, morphology of low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/spear grass was investigated. The leaves produce a hard waterproof resin, which could be collected from the base of the trunk. Leaf. Preemergence: Isoxaben, Simazine. They also cause infections or severe injuries to animals, by piercing through the skin and then into their body cavities. Spear grass (Heteropogon contortus (L.) Beauv. The nitrogen economy of steers fed Spear grass was poor (Table 2). One probable reason is the wide variations in pasture composition both within and between years. Moreover, native grasses are also cheaper and cost-effective. There are many grasslike members of other flowering plant families, but only the approximately 10,000 species in the family Poaceae are true grasses. Then the bird's tongue retrieves the insects, larvae, or sap that it finds. It ranked as the world's seventh worst weed [51] and in Coming before a holy God should fill us with humility rather than a self-focused desire to be perceived favorably by others. Facts. Characteristics of Cogon Grass Rhizomes and its Perforation of a Maiden Cane Rhizome . The seed will germinate, foliage will grow, seed will be set and ultimately spread before the plant dies to the ground. Rough Spear grass (Austrostipa scabra) are found in all states of Australia, but predominantly in the southern half of the continent. 1990). Spear grassconsumed only about two-thirds as much energy (DOMI) as those fed Pangola grass,even though Spear grass was fed ad lib.and Pangola grass at about 85 percent of ad lib. Spear grass is a herbaceous grass often troublesome in gravel walks and on hard, dry soils. Simple. Black-seeded spear grass may be one of the most easily recognized grasses, with its long, straight, slender, and on close inspection, twisted , and black (fruit). Leaf. rhizome, spear grass, . Because of the high fibre content of dry season roughage, sufficient A large number of the candidates were able to list the characteristics of guinea grass as a good pasture plant as well as the uses of spear grass. Plants also have a green-colored pigment known as chlorophyll that is quite vital for photosynthesis. Plants, obviously, cannot move after they have put down roots. Eighty percent of the foliage is dominated by 40-60 species of grass. Perennial. CHARACTERISTICS OF WEEDS . Turfgrass has a lot of unique characteristics that allow it to be reproduced in many different ways. Plantae is the plant kingdom that contains all plants on the earth. is a tropical perennial grass. Weeds are aggressive and persistent in trampling. This C 4 grass is included in the Global Compendium of Weeds where it is listed as an agricultural and environmental weed as well as an invasive species (Randall, 2012). Browse pictures and read growth / cultivation information about Anisopogon Species, Oat Spear-grass, Oat Spear Grass (Anisopogon avenaceus) supplied by member gardeners in the PlantFiles database a. This blade or spear of grass is amongst an innumerable host of leaves of grass. The performance of livestock grazing grasses is directly related to the quantity and quality of grass on offer. Simple. The general appearance of plants is often modified by climate, soil, and modes of cultivation. Grass pollen itself can be distinguished by minute channels or holes that penetrate the outer, but not the inner, pollen wall (Linder and Ferguson, 1985). The roof thatching technique is done by thatchers making bundles of spear grass with the stems laid up-side down smoothly. • The corona is contained in the red circle below (in Chilean needle grass) • Native spear-grasses have no corona. 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